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Choosing a Cloning Vector

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Since the construction of the first generation of general cloning vectors in the early 1970s, the number of plasmids created has increased to an almost countless number. Thus, a critical decision facing today’s investigator is that of which plasmid to use in a particular project? Despite the bewildering choice of commercial and other available vectors, the choice of which cloning vector to use can be decided by applying a small number of criteria: insert size, copy number, incompatibility, selectable marker, cloning sites, and specialized vector functions. Several of these criteria are dependent on each other. This chapter discusses these criteria in the context of choosing a plasmid for use as a cloning vector and Table 1 displays the features of some commonly used cloning vectors.
Table 1  Commonly Used Cloning Vectors
   

Commercial source

Plasmid

Features

 

pUC18, pUC19

Small size (2.7 kb)

NEB

 

High copy number

 
 

Multiple cloning site

 
 

Ampicillin-resistance marker

 
 

Blue/white selectionsee Chapter 19)

 

pBluescript vectors

As pUC

Stratagene

 

Single-stranded replication origin

 
 

T7 and SP6 promoters flanking MCS a

 

pACYC vectors

Low copy number (15 copies per cell)

NEB

 

p15A origin of replication

 

Supercos

Cosmid vector

Stratagene

 

Two cos sites

 
 

Insert size 30–42 kb

 
 

Ampicillin-selectable marker

 
 

T3 and T7 promoters flanking cloning site

 

EMBL3

λreplacement vector

Promega

 

MCS sites: Sal I, Bam HI and Eco RI

 

λZAP

λ vector

Stratagene

 

In vivo excision into pBluescript phagemid vector

 
 

Cloning capacity 10 kb

 
 

Blue/white selection

 

pBeloBAC11

BAC vector

NEB

 

Inserts up to 1 Mb

 
 

T7 and SP6 promoters flank insertion site

 
 

Blue/white selection

 
 

Cos site

 
 

LoxP site

 
a MCS = multiple-cloning site.
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