Endothelial Cell Stimulation by Candida albicans

The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans enters the bloodstream and causes hematogenously disseminated infection in hospitalized patients. During the initiation of a hematogenously disseminated infection, endothelial cells are one of the first host cells to come in contact with C. albicans . Endothelial cells can significantly influence the local host response to C. albicans by expressing leukocyte adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, it is of interest to investigate the response of endothelial cells to C. albicans in vitro . We describe the use of real-time PCR and enzyme immunoassays to measure the effects of C. albicans on the endothelial cell production of E-selectin and tumor necrosis factor α in vitro .