Fabrication and Implementation of Ion-Selective Microelectrodes

Techniques for measuring ion concentrations in tissue have been vitally important for critically evaluating a broad range of physiological phenomena. Refinements that allow ion activities to be monitored with considerable spatial and temporal precision have been particularly valuable for this purpose. These methods are widely applied to the study of the nervous system, whose characteristic feature of excitability results in a complex set of dependencies on highly regulated ionic gradients.