The ISCOM Technology

Classical adjuvant formulations, such as Freund’s adjuvants and aluminium salts, are blended with antigens to formulate an emulsion, or the antigens are adsorbed onto a three-dimensional gel containing adjuvant (1 ). The ISCOM™ (immunostimulating complex, Iscotec AB, Uppsala, Sweden) is a complex consisting of lipids, saponins, and antigens, which form spontaneously when the right constituents are allowed to interact at correct stoichiometry.