Using Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis to Select Plants for Altered Radionuclide Accumulation

The uptake and accumulation of toxic cations, including radionuclides, by plants growing on contaminated soils can adversely affect the health of humans and livestock. Using natural genetic variation and molecular-based quantitative genetic approaches, it is possible to identify chromosomal loci that underpin genetic variation in plant shoot radionuclide accumulation. Resolving these loci could allow the identification of candidate genes impacting on shoot radionuclide accumulation. Such methods enable gene-based crop selection or improvement strategies to be contemplated to either (1) exclude radionuclides from the food chain to minimize health risks or (2) enhance radionuclide phytoextraction. Using radiocesium (¹³⁷ Cs) as a case study, this chapter provides an overview of how natural genetic variation and quantitative trait loci approaches in a model plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana , can be used to identify candidate genes/genetic loci impacting on radionuclide accumulation by plants.