Rose (Rosa hybrida L.)

Although rose transformation is successful, it remains difficult to transform myriad rose species as well as different rose genotypes. In this protocol, a detailed description of rose transformation is presented. This protocol relied on Agrobacterium -mediated transfer of embryogenic callus cultures. There are many critical steps that must be followed to achieve successful transformation; however, it is important to keep in mind that these apply to a selected number of genotypes, and as a different genotype is subjected to transformation, modifications of this protocol must be made to achieve successful transformation.