DNA Conjugation to Nanoparticles

Nanoparticle–DNA (NP–DNA) conjugates have been highlighted due to their versatility in diverse science and engineering fields. The protocol of DNA conjugation to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are among the most popular NPs in bio-applications, is thus described here. This protocol also includes ligand exchange of AuNP to make AuNPs suitable for conjugation process and a fluorescence technique to evaluate the average number of DNA strands attached to single AuNP.