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Maintenance of the Plasmodium berghei Life Cycle

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Plasmodium berghei was probably first described in 1946 by Vincke in blood films of the stomach contents of Anopheles dureni. In 1948, it was subsequently found in blood films of Grammomys surdaster collected in Kisanga, Katanga; blood was passaged to white rats and became the K173 strain made widely available by the Institute for Tropical Medicine in Antwerp. A trio of fascinating papers describing the discovery and early analysis of the biology of P. berghei (1 -3 ) give an early indication of the natural and catholic host range of this parasite (Table 1 ), a property that possibly underlies the successful transmission of the parasite to a variety of laboratory hosts. Although the natural vector of P. berghei is A. dureni , early laboratory studies (3 ,4 ) showed that a wide range of colonized mosquitoes would successfully transmit the parasite (Table 2 ).
Table 1  List of Natural and Laboratory Hosts of P. berghei

Natural hosts

Laboratory hosts

Muridae

 

Thamnomys surdaster

Brown Norway rat (<4 wk)

Praomys jacksoni

White rat (<4 wk)

Leggada belle

Mouse

Saccotomus campestris

Thamnomys surdaster

Mastomys coucha

Grammamys rutilans

�thomys sp.

Ondatra zibethica (musk rat)

Pelomys frater

Hamster (good for gametocytes)

Lophyromys aquilus

 

Crocidura turba

 

Sciuridae

 

Unnamed

 

Carnassieridae?

 

Unnamed

 
See refs. 1–3 .
Table 2  Vectorial Capacity of Mosquitoes for P.berghei

Vector

Nonvector

Anopheles dureni (1)

Culex bitaeneorhynchus (1)

A. stephensi (1) (var mysorensis)

Aedes aegypti (1,2) a

A. gambiae (1)

Anopheles albimanus (1)

A. atroparvus (1)

A. aztecus (1)

A. quadrumaculotus (1)

A. concolor (1)

A. maculipennis (2)

A. coustani (1) var ziemanni

A. albimanus (3)

A. fluviatilis (1)

 

A. funestus (1)

 

A. hyrcanus (1)

 

A. jamesi (1)

 

A. pulcherrimus (1)

 

A. splendidus (1)

 

A. subpictus (1)

a Produced oocysts (SP28 strain S. Keiberg) (see refs. 3 and 4 , and M.-C Rodriguez, personal communication).
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