Transformation of Wheat Via Particle Bombardment
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The protocol described in this chapter was successfully used to produce the first transgenic plants of wheat. It involves high velocity bombardment of explants with DNA-coated microprojectiles (the biolistics procedure). It highlights the importance of selecting the right explants (immature embryos and/or embryogenic callus tissues), pre- and post-osmotic treatment, obtaining high levels of gene expression with the maize ubiquitin promoter, and stringent selection (with bar ) during culture to obtain stably transformed and normal fertile plants. The protocol is used widely for genetic transformation of wheat.