Imaging Cancer in Mice by PET, CT, and Combined PET‐CT
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Abstract
The possibility of imaging tumors in live mice has opened new opportunities for cancer research, particularly regarding the ability to perform longitudinal studies in combination with a therapeutic intervention. Here, we detail methods to optimize visualization of murine tumors by positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), and combined PET?CT. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 1:85?103. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Keywords: cancer; mouse models; positron electron tomography; computed tomography
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PDF or HTML at Wiley Online LibraryTable of Contents
- Introduction
- Basic Protocol 1: Imaging by Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
- Basic Protocol 2: Imaging by Computed Tomography (CT)
- Basic Protocol 3: Imaging by Multimodality (PET‐CT)
- Reagents and Solutions
- Commentary
- Literature Cited
- Figures
- Tables
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PDF or HTML at Wiley Online LibraryMaterials
Basic Protocol 1: Imaging by Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Materials
Basic Protocol 2: Imaging by Computed Tomography (CT)
Materials
Basic Protocol 3: Imaging by Multimodality (PET‐CT)
Materials
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Figure 1. Equipment at a PET‐CT facility for mice. (A ) PET‐CT machine (eXplore Vista, GE Healthcare). (B ) Monitor of vital constants (VisionVet, RGB) registering ECG, temperature, and respiratory frequency. (C ) Mouse fitted with electrodes and monitoring probes being introduced into a PET‐CT machine. View Image -
Figure 2. Administration of the probe. Tail vein injection of the radioactive probe into a mouse with anesthetic mask and using a shielded syringe. View Image -
Figure 3. Example of ROI selection in a CT scan. (A ) The example shows three serial CT transversal sections separated by 0.6 mm. The operator manually outlines the perimeter of the tumor in a section where the tumor is clearly detectable (such as in the middle section). The software automatically draws the same outline in adjacent sections separated every 50 µm. The operator can modify the outline to adapt it to the changing dimensions of the tumor (such as in the upper and lower sections). The software integrates all the sections into the volume corresponding to the ROI (region of interest). (B ) From top to bottom, sagittal, coronal, and transverse sections of the CT volume. The ROI, visible in all three sections, is shown in solid green. View Image -
Figure 4. PET‐CT imaging of a lung tumor. (A ) Transverse CT section. From top to bottom, liver (lv) and heart (h). The orange arrow points to the ROI, a lung tumor. (B ) Transverse PET section of the same anatomic area as in A. (C ) Histological section of the same lung imaged at the optical microscope by Hematoxylin & Eosin staining. Two tumors of different dimensions were detected: the one already observed by PET‐CT (orange arrow) and a smaller one (blue arrow) that was not detected by PET‐CT probably due to its intrabronchial location. (D ) 3‐D rendering of the PET‐CT image merged with the lung. The tumor is shown as a pinkish‐colored small ball. View Image -
Figure 5. Example of a longitudinal study of lung cancer. 3‐D lung renderings of PET‐CT studies at the indicated time‐points of two individual mice carrying genetically induced lung tumors, either treated with vehicle (upper mouse) or with a therapeutic compound (lower mouse). Mouse model courtesy of Dr. Mariano Barbacid (CNIO). View Image
Videos
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Three-dimensional rendering of a tumor-free mouse by PET-CT0:09Play Video
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Three-dimensional rendering of a mouse with genetically induced disseminated melanoma by PET-CT0:10Play Video
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Flight-through image of the abdomen of a mouse with genetically induced pancreatic carcinoma by multimodal PET-CT0:10Play Video
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| Internet Resources | |
| https://www2.gehealthcare.com/portal/site/usen/menuitem.e8b305b80b84c1b4d6354a1074c84130/?vgnextoid=ea21351f9b7e0210VgnVCM10000024dd1403RCRD&productid=da21351f9b7e0210VgnVCM10000024dd1403 | |
| General Electric Triumph Tri‐modality PET/SPECT/CT. | |
| http://www.sedecal.com/en/divisiones/division_prod.php?p=44&c=5&i=2 | |
| SEDECAL Argus PET‐CT. | |
| http://www.medical.siemens.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/CategoryDisplay∼q_catalogId∼e_‐11∼a_categoryId∼e_1029715∼a_catTree∼e_100010,1007660,1011525,1029715∼a_langId∼e_‐11∼a_storeId∼e_10001.htm | |
| Siemens Inveon PET & Inveon CT. | |
| http://www.healthcare.philips.com/main/products/preclinical/ | |
| Philips Mosaic HP PET. |
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