Sanger microRNA序列数据库—miRBase序列数据库

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解读miRNA （MicroRNA）

miRBase序列数据库是一个提供包括miRNA 序列数据、注释、预测基因靶标等信息的全方位数据库，是存储miRNA信息最主要的公共数据库之一。miRBase提供便捷的网上查询服务，允许用户使用关键词或序列在线搜索已知的miRNA和靶标信息，详情请访问http://www.mirbase.org/。

2009年3月9日，Sanger MicroRNA 序列数据库(miRBase)升级至13.0版。在最新版本中，通过验证的microRNA发夹前体增至9539条，新增920条，成熟miRNA序列增至9169条，新增1004条。

新增microRNA序列主要集中在哺乳动物，其中Homo sapiens (人)，Mus musculus (小鼠)，Ovis aries (牛)，Sus scrofa (猪)，Canis familiaris (狗)分别新增19条，62条，209条，9条和112条microRNA。许多植物物种 的miRNA序列信息也有显著增加，包括：Oryza sativa (水稻)，Zea mays (玉米)，Glycine max (大豆)，Brassica oleracea (甘蓝)，Brassica rapa (芜菁)，Physcomitrella patens (小立碗藓)，Medicago truncatula (蒺藜苜蓿)。

除此之外，新版microRNA数据库第一次报道了18个物种 的microRNA信息，它们是14个动物物种：Branchiostoma floridae (文昌鱼)，Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (紫海胆)，Saccoglossus kowalevskii，Ixodes scapularis (黑脚硬蜱)，Locusta migratoria，Schistosoma japonicum (日本血吸虫)，Schistosoma mansoni (曼氏血吸虫)，Capitella sp. I，Haliotis rufescens (红鲍)，Lottia gigantea，Cerebratulus lacteus，Hydra magnipapillata，Nematostella vectensis，Amphimedon queenslandica 。

miRBase provides the following services:

The miRBase database is a searchable database of published miRNA sequences and annotation. Each entry in the miRBase Sequence database represents a predicted hairpin portion of a miRNA transcript (termed mir in the database), with information on the location and sequence of the mature miRNA sequence (termed miR). Both hairpin and mature sequences are available for searching and browsing, and entries can also be retrieved by name, keyword, references and annotation. All sequence and annotation data are also available for download.

The miRBase Registry provides miRNA gene hunters with unique names for novel miRNA genes prior to publication of results. Visit the help pages for more information about the naming service.

The miRBase Targets database and pipeline has been rebranded as microCosm, and is now hosted at the EBI. The microCosm resource continues to be maintained by the Enright group. miRBase currently links miRNAs to targets predicted by microCosm, TargetScan and Pictar, and aims to provide a more extensive target prediction aggregation service in the future.