Care and Handling of Laboratory Mice
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- Abstract
- Table of Contents
- Materials
- Figures
- Literature Cited
Abstract
The importance of laboratory mice in experimental microbiology and biomedical research is indisputable, and their care and handling is a contributing factor to the quality of the science resulting from their use. This unit provides guidelines for practical housing, handling, and the methodology for sample collection to ensure animal health and minimize variable experimental parameters. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol . 31:A.3N.1?A.3N.18. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Keywords: mouse; mouse housing; mouse handling; mouse blood collection; parenteral injections
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Caging
- Feed
- Bedding
- Water
- Sanitation
- Provisions for Off‐Hour Care
- Environmental Monitoring and Maintenance
- Social Housing and Environmental Enrichment
- Protocols: Handling and Restraint
- Basic Protocol 1: Mouse Handling and Manual Restraint
- Alternate Protocol 1: Rodent Restrainers
- Protocols: Anesthesia
- Basic Protocol 2: Injectable Anesthesia for Mouse
- Protocols: Parenteral Injections
- Basic Protocol 3: Intramuscular Injection of Mouse
- Basic Protocol 4: Intradermal Injection of Mouse
- Basic Protocol 5: Subcutaneous Injection of Mouse
- Basic Protocol 6: Intravenous Injection of the Mouse
- Basic Protocol 7: Intraperitoneal Injection of Mouse
- Protocols: Blood Collection
- Basic Protocol 8: Blood Collection from Orbital Sinus or Plexus of Mouse
- Basic Protocol 9: Blood Collection from Tail Vein of Mouse Using Microhematocrit Tube
- Alternate Protocol 2: Blood Collection from Tail Vein of Mouse Using Centrifuge Tube
- Basic Protocol 10: Blood Collection from Axillary Plexus of Mouse
- Basic Protocol 11: Cardiac Puncture of Mouse
- Protocols: Euthanasia
- Basic Protocol 12: Carbon Dioxide Asphyxiation
- Basic Protocol 13: Pentobarbital Overdose
- Alternate Protocol 3: Cervical Dislocation of Mouse
- Disclaimer
- Literature Cited
- Figures
- Tables
Materials
Basic Protocol 1: Mouse Handling and Manual Restraint
Materials
Alternate Protocol 1: Rodent Restrainers
Materials
Basic Protocol 2: Injectable Anesthesia for Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 3: Intramuscular Injection of Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 4: Intradermal Injection of Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 5: Subcutaneous Injection of Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 6: Intravenous Injection of the Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 7: Intraperitoneal Injection of Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 8: Blood Collection from Orbital Sinus or Plexus of Mouse
Additional Materials (also see protocol 10 )
Basic Protocol 9: Blood Collection from Tail Vein of Mouse Using Microhematocrit Tube
Materials
Alternate Protocol 2: Blood Collection from Tail Vein of Mouse Using Centrifuge Tube
Materials
Basic Protocol 10: Blood Collection from Axillary Plexus of Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 11: Cardiac Puncture of Mouse
Materials
Basic Protocol 12: Carbon Dioxide Asphyxiation
Materials
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Figures
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Figure a0.3N.1 Mouse handling and manual restraint. Apply slight, rearward traction on the tail (A ). Grasp skin behind ears with thumb and index finger (B ). Transfer the tail from the preferred hand to beneath the little finger of the hand holding the scruff of the neck (C ). View Image -
Figure a0.3N.2 Rodent restrainers. With animal under control as described for handling and manual restraint, place the head at opening of the box while maintaining tension on the tail. Allow the animal to crawl in and place the securing block appropriately. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.3 Intramuscular injection of the mouse. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.4 Subcutaneous injection of the mouse. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.5 Intravenous injection of the mouse in the tail vein. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.6 Intraperitoneal injection of the mouse. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.7 Blood collection from the orbital sinus or plexus of the mouse. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.8 Blood collection from the tail vein of the mouse. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.9 Blood collection from the axillary plexus of the mouse. View Image -
Figure a0.3N.10 Cardiac puncture of the mouse. View Image
Videos
Literature Cited
Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: Eighth Edition. Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide‐for‐the‐Care‐and‐Use‐of‐Laboratory‐Animals.pdf. | |
Fox, J.G., Anderson, L.C., Loew, F.M., and Quimby, F.W. (eds.). 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd ed., pp. 179‐180. Academic Press, San Diego. | |
Gay, W.I. 1986. Methods of Animal Experimentation, Vol. VII, pp. 31‐65. Academic Press, San Diego. | |
ILAR Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th Edition. Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council, National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. | |
Leary, S., Underwood, W., Anthony, R., Cartner, S., Corey, D., Grandin, T., Greenacre, C., Gwaltney‐Brant, S., McCrackin, M.A., Meyer, R., Miller, D., Shearer, S., and Yanong, R. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals. https://www.avma.org/KB/Policies/Documents/euthanasia.pdf. | |
Russell, W.M.S. and Burch, R.L. 1959. The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. Methuen, London. | |
Suckow, M.A., Danneman, P., and Brayton, C. 2001. Experimental methodology. In The Laboratory Mouse, p. 113. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla. | |
Tuffery, A.A. 1987. Laboratory Animals: An Introduction for New Experimenters, pp. 225‐226. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, U.K. | |
Key References | |
Fox et al., 2002. See above. | |
Provides additional details for injection methods. | |
Gargiulo, S., Greco, A., Gramanzini, M., Esposito, S., Affuso, A., Brunetti, A., and Vesce, G. 2012. Mice anesthesia, analgesia and care, part I: Anesthetic considerations in preclinical research ILAR J. 53:E55–E69. http://ilarjournal.oxfordjournals.org/content/53/1/E55.full.pdf+html. | |
White, W.J. and Field, K.J. 1987. Anesthesia and surgery of laboratory animals. In The Veterinary Clinics of North America, Small Animal Practice, Exotic Pet Medicine, 17:5 (J.E. Harkness, ed.) pp. 989‐1017. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. | |
Wixson, S.K. and Smiler, K.L. 1997. Anesthesia and analgesia in rodents. In Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals (D.F. Kohn, S.K. Wixson, W.J. White, and G.J. Benson, eds.) pp. 165‐200. Academic Press, San Diego. |