训练training
互联网
569
训练 training 为使动物学习所采取的有步骤的作法。训练中通常使用赏或罚,或两者兼用。实验中最常用的是以给食为赏,轻度的电击等为罚。最简单的情况是,用提示某种无关的刺激后立即给予赏、罚,这种进行使该刺激与求食行为或逃避行为相结合的训练,曾最普遍地应用于刺激识别试验中。通过在某一刺激下给以赏,其它刺激下给以罚,使之识别甚至具有了解的能力。还有一种方法是,让动物试行错误行为,仅在采取某一反应时给予赏。
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