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膜受体的分类

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随着越来越多的膜表面受体被纯化,其结构及转导信号的方式逐步得以阐明。目前,按照受体的结构及其作用方式可将其分为三大类。这三大类受体在配体种类、受体的一般结构和功能及细胞对之发生反应的方式上有所不同,见表21-2。�

Table 21-2 Classification of Membrane Receptors:Characteristics of Three Groups of Receptors

Characteristics Ion Channel

Receptors

G-Protein-Linked

receptors

Recetpors with a Single

Transmembrane Domain

Endogenous ligands Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitter Growth factor hormone
    Hormone Cytokine
    Auloacoid  
    Chemotactic factor  
    Exogenous stimulant  
Structure Oligomer with a pore Probably monomer Monomer of oligoner
      with (±)catalytic
      domain
Number of transmem Four per subunit Seven One per subunit
bane segments      
Function Ion channel Activation of G proteins Tyrosine kinase
      Giuanylate cyclase(?)
Cellular responses Depolarization or Depolarization or Regulation of function
hyperpolarization hyperpolarization and expression of
    Regulation of function proteins
    and expression of Proliferation or
    proteins differentiation

 

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