Overview of Vector Design for Mammalian Gene Expression
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The technology of expressing foreign genes in mammalian cells has become increasingly important to study a number of biological questions and as a primary method for production of proteins for pharmaceutical use. Mammalian cells are frequently used as a host for expression of foreign genes because:
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DNA cloned from higher eukaryotic cells (both cDNAs and genomic clones) is readily expressed since the signals for transcription, mRNA processing, and translation are conserved in higher eukaryotic systems,
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Proteins are expressed in a stable functional form since the machinery to facilitate proper protein folding and assembly are coserved in higher eukaryotic cells;
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Many post-translational modifications, especially for those proteins that transit the secretory pathway, are efficiently performed, and;
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Many proteins are readily secreted from mammalian cells providing the ability to isolate the protein from conditioned medium that contains low amounts of protein when cells are propagated under serum-free conditions.
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